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MAY 30 * 1912 



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MONUMENT ERECTED ON ■DOVER GREEN BY THE DELAWARE 

STATE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI UNVEILED 

AND PRESENTED MAY 30. 1912 



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INTRODUCTORY. 



On the historic "Dover Green," at Delaware's State 
capital, Thursday, May the thirtieth, nineteen hundred 
and twelve, the monument erected by the Delaware State 
Society of the Cincinnati, to the memory of the officers and 
soldiers of the Delaware Line, was formally unveiled and 
presented to the citizens of the State. 

The exercises, which were most impressive and in- 
teresting, began at twelve-thirty o'clock in the afternoon, 
with Mayor Enoch Clark, of Dover, presiding, and intro- 
ducing the speakers of the occasion. Upon the conclusion 
of the exercises, luncheon was served at the Hotel Richard- 
son to the members of the Society and their guests. 

At a regular meeting of the Society, held on the fourth 
day of July, nineteen hundred and twelve, at Wilmington, 
Delaware, a resolution was presented and unanimously 
adopted for placing in a permanent and fitting form an event 
so noteworthy, not only in the history of the Society, but 
of the State whose name it bears. 

This memorial has been prepared in accordance with 
such resolution. Should it help to commemorate and pre- 
serve the heroism and self-sacrifice of those who first laid 
the foundations of our Great Republic, and made possible 
the many blessings which we, as a free and enlightened 
people now enjoy, the desired purpose will have been ac- 
complished. 



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Prayer by the Rev. Kensey Johns Hammond, Chaplain 
OF THE Delaware State Society of the Cincinnati : 

"Almighty God who has in all ages showed forth Thy 
power and mercy in the care and guidance of those, both 
of nation and individual, who put their trust in Thee; we 
yield Thee hearty thanks for all Thou didst for our fore- 
fathers and for the land to which they came. May we always 
remember Thee and thank them through Thee. We would 
remember with gratitude that Thou didst give us not only 
brave soldiers, but far-seeing statesmen and sincere patriots. 
We would remember the courage, the spirit and devotion 
of those who planned and those who fought for the inde- 
pendence of our country. We would remember the or- 
ganized life of this Society, keeping alive the memories of 
those who died for their country in the same worthy work. 
Bless them and us always with Thy favor and guidance. 
As we thank Thee for these, our ancestors and the country 
they have given us, we pray that we may so follow their 
good examples as to leave our children a nation worthy of 
such founders, meet to do Thy will; a people wholly subject 
to Thee, our Divine Rule, and to Thy Son, our Lord, we ask 
it for His sake. Amen." 

Upon the conclusion of the prayer, the monument was 
unveiled by Miss Isabelle B. Wales, of Wilmington, Dela- 
ware, the daughter of Dr. John Patten Wales, President of 
the Society. 

Following the unveiling, the monument was formally 
presented by Philip Howell White, Vice-President of the 
Society, and accepted on behalf of the citizens of the State 
of Delaware by Governor Simeon S. Pennewill. A historic 
address was then delivered by Hon. Henry C. Conrad, and 
at its close the Society's Chaplain pronounced the bene- 
diction. 



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"In May of 1783, at the close of the Revolutionary War, 
in the cantonment on the Hudson River, the historic and 
patriotic military order of the Society of the Cincinnati was 
founded by the officers of the American Army. 

"This society was designed to be a society of Friends, to 
endure as long as they shall endure or any of their eldest 
male posterity or, in failure thereof, the collateral branches 
who may be judged worthy of becoming its supporters and 
members. 

"It was founded on certain immutable principles, to 
wit: to preserve, inviolate the rights and liberties secured 
by the war ; to promote and cherish union of national honor 
between the respective states ; to render permanent the cor- 
dial affection subsisting among the officers, and especially 
to assist by acts of beneficence according to the abihty of 
the society, such officers or their families as might be in 
need of aid. 

"Each state society was to meet two or three times each 
year and delegates from these state societies were to meet 
once in three years to constitute the general society. 

"In course of time, from various causes, seven of these 
state societies, the Delaware Society among them, became 
dormant. 

"A few years ago an effort was made to revive them 
and now the whole thirteen state societies are restored and 
working together harmoniously. 

"The Delaware Society effected a permanent organiza- 
tion on February 22, 1895, in the City of Wilmington, Dela- 
ware, and very soon afterwards took steps to raise funds 
to erect a monument in memory of the officers and men of 
the Delaware Line, who so nobly fought to obtain for them- 
selves and their posterity the liberty which we now enjoy. 

"This monument to the officers and men of the Dela- 
ware Line has not been raised because they needed it, for 
their valor and patriotism will be remembered as long as the 



country lasts, but it will be an object lesson to those who 
come after them, stimulating them to grand and noble 
actions when they reflect on these men who gave all that 
they had, and in many cases, life itself, that their country 
might live. 

"I regret exceedingly that our worthy President, John 
Patten Wales, is unable to be present, but in his place, and 
in the name of the Delaware State Society of the Cincinnati, 
I present this monument to the State of Delaware, through 
you, her worthy Governor, with the request that it be 
properly cared for, so that future Delawareans may have 
their patriotism stimulated when they recall the memory 
of those whom this stone is intended to honor." 



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"In my judgment there is no purpose which should call 
forth louder praise from the people of this state and nation, 
or receive more earnest support, than the purpose for which 
your society was organized. 

"Like that noble Roman, Cincinnatus, who left his plow 
to respond to the call of his countrymen, and become Consul 
of the Roman Empire, our forefathers left their plows to 
respond to the call of the Continental Congress, and to 
struggle for the future independence of the thirteen original 
states, our own fair state being numbered among them. 

"It is impossible to overestimate the service rendered 
this country by those brave men, to preserve whose memory 
and for the aid of whose loved ones the Society of the 
Cincinnati had its inception. 

"I know of no nobler source of inspiration than Bunker 
Hill, Valley Forge and Brandy wine; I know of no loftier 
ancestors than those brave men of 'seventy-six who flung 
into a tyrant's face the declaration of their independence, 
and drove him back across the sea. 

"What names theirs are to glory in; Washington, 
Wayne, Lee, Putnam, the men of our own Delaware Line, 
Haslett and Rodney, who probably drilled their troops on 
this very Green, Bedford, McDonough, Kirkwood, and all 
the rest, patriot fathers in whose every footstep there blooms 
today a rose. 

"What deeds theirs are to boast of, from Lexington to 
Yorktown was the triumphal march of liberty ; out of every 
hardship that was borne has come a choice blessing, bene- 
fitting all mankind. 

"Theirs are names that shall never be forgotten. Theirs 
are deeds that shall never cease to challenge the admiration 
of the world. 

"In these days of hurrying events, of gigantic under- 
takings, of crowded avenues of endeavor, men are so apt 

8 



to lose sight of sentiment, and to forget those who sacrificed 
and died that freedom might become man's birthright ; and 
because of that such societies as yours are a national bless- 
ing. 

"No land can long endure that has no cherished senti- 
ment, and the highest sentiment that can stir the soul is 
patriotism. 

"You may send your sails to every shore bearing the 
richest merchandise, you may dig the richest ore from the 
deepest mine and gather untold wealth, but unless there is 
a deep-rooted love for your country's flag, a reverence for 
those who first unfurled it, and a patriotism for the soil in 
which they firmly planted it, then all is cold and sordid. 

"It is a grand thing and worthy of the highest praise 
that your society should seek to perpetuate the memory, 
and to emulate the spirit of those Revolutionary heroes, by 
the erection and preservation of this monument ; had it not 
been for their deeds of valor this country, possibly, might 
still have been a part of the British Empire, and certainly 
would not hold the position among the nations of the earth 
that it holds today. 

"On behalf of the citizens of this State, I acept this 
monument and extend to you their sincere thanks; feeling 
assured that it will not only rekindle the first of patriotism 
in the breast of every citizen, but will serve as an inspiration 
to each succeeding generation." 



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"Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen: 

"In the late Winter or early Spring of 1776, the first 
Delaware Regiment for service in the Revolutionary War 
was enlisted with the following officers: 

Col. John Haslet, 

Lieut.-Col. Gunning Bedford, 

Major Thomas Macdonough, 

Surgeon James Tilton, 

Chaplain Joseph Montgomery. 
The regiment was made up of eight companies with a total 
of eight hundred men. 

"John Haslet w^as educated for the Presbyterian Min- 
istry, but afterwards studied medicine, and was practicing 
his profession at Dover at the outbreak of the war. He was 
one of the most intimate of Caesar Rodney's friends. His 
military career was of brief duration, as he was killed at the 
Battle of Trenton on January 3, 1777, while gallantly leading y 
his regiment. He was buried in the graveyard of the First 
Presbyterian Church at Philadelphia, and at the close of the 
war the State of Delaware caused a marble slab to be placed 
over his grave. 

"In 1841, Col. Haslet's remains v/ere, by resolution of 
the General Assembly, moved to Dover, and re-interred in 
the graveyard of the Presbyterian Church of that town. 
His son, Joseph Haslet, a resident of Sussex County, was 
twice elected Governor of Delaware, in 1811, and in 1823. 
He was the one man thus honored by the people of Delaware. 

"Gunning Bedford, the Lieutenant-Colonel of the Regi- 
ment, was a member of the Bar of New Castle County. He 
served for three years as a member of the State House of 
Representatives, was twice a member of the Privy Council, 
and was twice elected a member of the Continental Con- 
gress. He was one of the first presidential electors from 
Delav.are in 1787, casting his vote for George Washington 
as the first President of the United States. He also served 
as Prothonotary and Register of Wills of New Castle 

II 



County, and in 1796 became Governor of the State by elec- 
tion of the people, serving until September 30, 1797, w^hen 
he died. He was buried in the graveyard of the Immaneul 
Church at New Castle. 

"Thomas Macdonough, the Major of the Regiment, was 
a medical doctor living at a small village called "The Trap," 
in New Castle County, between Odessa and St. Georges. 
Afterwards, the name of this place was changed to Mac- 
donough, in honor of the latter family. Major Macdonough 
served for seven years as a Judge of the Court of Common 
Pleas of the State. And was also a member of the General 
Assembly. He was the father of Commodore Thomas 
Macdonough, who rendered such signal service in the War 
of 1812. At his death. Major Macdonough was buried on 
his farm at "The Trap." 

"Doctor James Tilton, the surgeon of the Regiment, was 
born near Smyrna. He was a graduate of the University 
of Pennsylvania, and enlisted from Kent County. After 
the Revolution he settled in Wilmington, and for years 
lived in the house now occupied by Mr. J. Danforth Bush, 
at the corner of Ninth and Broome Streets. He served 
through the Revolutionary War and was Surgeon-General 
of the United States Army in the War of 1812. During his 
life he was a most eminent surgeon and leading citizen, a 
man of wide learning and superior judgment. He died in 
1823 and was buried in Wilmington. 

"The Regiment under command of Col. John Haslet was 
short lived. At the Battle of Trenton where Haslet was 
killed, the Regiment had been reduced from eight hundred 
to one hundred and twenty-four, and, being so depleted in 
numbers, it was soon afterward disbanded. 

"In the summer of 1776, a call was made for more 
troops, to act chiefly for home protection. In obedience to 
this call a battalion was furnished from Delaware, under 
the command of Col. Samuel Patterson, and called "The 
Flying Camp." This designation was given to the battalion 



by reason of the fact that it was intended that it should be 
subject to quick orders and go quickly from place to place. 
Ihe battalion served only until December 1, 1776 when its 
term of enlistment expired. Correspondence that has been 
preserved, indicates that the service of the Regiment was 
not altogether satisfactory. 

"Samuel Patterson was a man of means, who operated 
a grist mill about a mile west of the village of Christiana, 
m New Castle County. He was a patriot and brave officer 
and was later, during the war, Brigadier-General of the 
Delaware State Militia. He is buried in the graveyard of 
the Presbyterian Church at Christiana village. 

"A new Delaware Regiment was enlisted, and the fol- 
lowing officers appointed : 

Col. David Hall, 

Lieut.-Col. Charles Pope, 

Major Joseph Vaughan, 
and among the captains were the following : 

John Patten, 

Robert Kirkwood, 

Joseph Anderson, 

Peter Jacquett, 

John Learmonth, and 

James Moore. 

''David Hall, the Colonel of the Regiment, was a mem- 

??L t^ ^.^^ '"^ ^"''^"^ ^^"^*y' h^vin^ been admitted in 
1 / M. His hold upon the community is evidenced by the 
fact that he served as one of the Associate Justices of the 
Courts prior to the Revolution. His home was at Lewes. 
His Regiment is what has always been known as the famous 
Delaware Regiment.". It was mustered in November 30 
1776. For three years the Regiment was with the northern 
division of the Army, and its services were largely in New 
Jersey. Col. Hall remained with the Regiment less than a 
year. He was wounded at the Battle of Germantown, Octo- 
ber 4, 1777, and this necessitated his going home and he 

13 



did not return to his Regiment. He was a leading and 
honored citizen of Sussex County ever after and from 1802 
to 1805 served as Governor of the State, and during the last 
four years of his life was one of the Justices of the Court 
of Common Pleas. He died in 1817, and is buried in the 
Presbyterian graveyard at Lewes. Our honored Chairman 
of today, Mr. Phihp H. White, the Vice-President of the 
Delaware State Society of the Cincinnati, is a descendant 
of Col. David Hall, and while his life has not been spent in 
Delaware, yet he has reason to be proud of his Delaware an- 
cestry. 

"Lieutenant Charles Pope was a resident of Smyrna, 
and enlisted from that place. He rendered valiant services 
as a soldier; but shortly after the termination of the war 
he moved with his family to Georgia, and some years after- 
wards died there. The fact of his removing from the State 
has made it difficult to trace his subsequent career. 

"Joseph Vaughan, Major of the Regiment and after- 
wards Lieutenant-Colonel, lived in Western Sussex, and was 
proprietor of an iron furnace. The iron industry, which for 
many years had been an important one in Sussex County, 
was paralized by the Revolutionary War, owing to the 
enlistment in the Army of so many of the men engaged in 
the business. Vaughan served as captain in Haslet's first 
Regiment, and was appointed Major in Hall's Regiment. 
He went south with the Regiment and was taken prisoner 
at Camden. He was not with the Regiment afterwards. 
He died and was buried on his farm near Bridgeville. 

"John Patten was a farmer near Dover. He entered 
the Army as a Lieutenant in Haslet's Regiment, and after- 
wards became Senior-Captain in Hall's Regiment. By pro- 
motion, he became Major. He, too, was taken prisoner at 
Camden and was paroled. This ended his life with the 
Army, and he returned to his farm. He was twice elected 
a member of Congress. He died in 1800, and was buried in 
the graveyard of the Presbyterian Church at Dover. He 

14 



was the grandfather of Hon. Leonard E. Wales, late Asso- 
ciate Justice of our State Courts and the fifth judge of the 
United States District Court for the District of Delaware, 
and was also the grandfather of Dr. John Patten Wales, 
one of the oldest and most highly respected of the medical 
practitioners in the city of Wilmington and the honored 
president of your Delaware State Society of the Cincinnati. 
It is a matter of profound regret that his health does not 
allow him to be with us to-day. 

"Delaware has produced no braver soldier than Robert 
Kirkwood, born in Mill Creek Hundred, almost under the 
shadow of the old White Clay Presbyterian Church. He 
became a lieutenant in Haslet's Regiment and fought val- 
iantly with Haslet in the New Jersey campaign. Re-enter- 
ing the service as captain in Hall's Regiment, he fought at 
Monmouth, Brandywine and Germantown. Going south, 
he assumed charge of the regiment after the capture of 
Vaughan and Patten at Camden. In the southern cam- 
paign his whole record is one of splendid bravery. No man 
made a more enviable record. Gates, Greene and Lee all 
bear testimony to his courage and efficiency as a soldier. 
He passed through thirty-two battles and skirmishes in the 
Revolution without a scratch, but at the defeat of St. Clair, 
on the western frontier a few years afterwards, Kirkwood 
was killed by the Indians and he was buried in that far- 
away place. 

"Peter Jacquett served as captain in both the Haslet 
and Hall Regiments. He was in the service from January, 
1776, to the close of the war. I have seen a letter written 
by him, in which he says that when he returned to his 
home in Delaware after the war, he did not have enough 
money to rattle on a tombstone. He lived about a mile 
south of Wilmington, at the end of what is called the cause- 
way. His record as a soldier was a remarkable one and it 
is narrated quite at length on his tombstone, which can be 
seen in the graveyard of the Old Swede's Church, at Wil- 
mington. He died in 1834. 

15 



"Another man who rendered conspicuous service in the 
war and who afterwards attained prominence in public 
affairs in Delaware, was Caleb P. Bennett. He came from 
Chester County and his ancestors were of Quaker stock. 
He entered the Revolutionary Army as a private and came 
out at the close of the war as first lieutenant. He was in 
most of the battles of the war and spent that memorable 
winter of 1777 and 1778 with Washington at Valley Forge. 
After the war, he lived retired in Wilmington, his home 
being what is now known as No. 841 Market Street. I 
have known people in my lifetime who remember Bennett 
with silk stockings and knee breeches, sitting on his steps 
in Wilmington. For twenty-five years he was treasurer 
of New Castle County, and in 1832 was elected Governor. 
After serving a little more than three years, he died in 
1836 while still Governor. It is said that he was honored 
with a military funeral and, inasmuch as he was a member 
of the Society of Friends, it made rather a peculiar situa- 
tion. He was buried in the Friend's Burying Ground, at 
Wilmington. 

"Another brave Delaware officer was Allen McLane, 
and still another was Nathaniel Mitchell, who was a captain 
in Paterson's 'Flying Camp/ and afterwards rose to the 
rank of major. He was a Sussex man, living in or near 
Laurel. After the war, he was a member of Congress, and 
from 1805 to 1808, served as Governor of Delaware. 

"Another Delaware regiment was organized in July, 
1780. It was sometimes known as the Second Delaware 
Regiment. It was in command of Lieutenant-Colonel 
Henry Neill and served only from July to November, 1780. 
During most of its term of service, the regiment was sta- 
tioned on the western shore of Maryland, and as far as 
known, was never engaged in open battle. 

"Ramsey, the historian, pays the following handsome 
tribute to the service of the Delaware Regiment in the 
Revolution: 'The Delaware Regiment was reckoned the 

i6 



most efficient in the Continental Army. It went into active 
service soon after the commencement of the contest with 
Great Britain and served through the whole of it. 

" 'Courting danger wherever it was to be encountered, 
frequently forming part of a victorious army, but oftener 
the companions of their countrymen in the gloom of dis- 
aster, the Delawares fought at Brooklyn, at Trenton and 
at Princeton, at Brandywine and at Germantown, at Guil- 
ford and at Eutaw, until at length, reduced to a handful 
of brave men, they concluded their services with the war 
in the glorious termination of the Southern Campaign. ' 

"In 1775, the population of Delaware was 37,219; of 
these, 2,000 were slaves, leaving a white population of 
35,219. It is reasonable to assume that one-half of these 
were males and one-fifth of the male population is reckoned 
as being between the ages of eighteen and forty-five, and 
thereby liable for military service. On that basis, about 
3,500 men were competent for the army in Delaware at 
that time, but Judge Whitely calculates that Delaware fur- 
nished 4,728 men to the Revolutionary cause, being over 
one-fourth of her entire male population. 

"It is meet and proper that this shaft should have been 
erected. 

"One hundred and thirty-six years ago this month, the 
first men enlisted from Delaware in the great cause of 
American Independence were mustered in on Dover Green, 

"This, then, was the place at which a memorial in gran- 
ite should be set up in honor of the brave men who pledged 
their lives, their fortunes and their sacred honor to the cause 
of American liberty; men, whose every energy and ambi- 
tion were exerted that there should be established on the 
earth a veritable 'land of the free and home of the brave.' 

"The men who marched with Haslet and Hall deserve 
to be remembered, not only the gallant officers who are 
represented in the Delaware State Society of the Cincinnati, 

I? 



through whose happy thought this shaft, unveiled to-day, 
was conceived and made possible, but also the brave and 
faithful men who fought in the ranks and responded so 
promptly and courageously to duty's call. 

"They are all in our memory to-day, the gallant officers, 
the faithful men, the trusting wives and sweethearts, who 
sat by lonely firesides waiting for the return of some who 
never came. 

"And in placing this stone in front of the State Capitol 
of the first State of the Union, we seek to impress upon 
those who come after us, to whom the valorous deeds of 
the men who lived more than a century back of us will be- 
come less real and vital as the years go on ; that we, in our 
day and generation had not forgotten, but were keenly 
alive to the great debt due to the men of every rank who 
made the issue of freedom the paramount thought of their 
lives, and through toil and blood and sacrifice aided in no 
immaterial way in the founding of the greatest republic 
of modern times. 

"The men of Delaware, of '76, both in field and council, 
'builded better than they knew.' We look upon the work 
they did and find it has stood the test of nearly a century 
and a half of years. We are reaping where they sowed, 
and the harvest has been abundant. 

"The past is secure, but what of the future? We are 
proud of our ancestry and greet with loud acclaim the 
heroes of the past, but the living present is our opportunity. 
The duties of citizenship are upon us of to-day. A govern- 
ment of the people rests for its security upon the patriotism 
of the individual citizen. 

"We are hearing much in recent days of the rule of the 
people. The greater the mass, the greater the problem of 
government. In all ages and in all countries we have had 
the demagogue, and there are men in the twentieth century, 
as there have been in every century, who seek to tear down, 

i8 



instead of building up, and whose public speech panders to 
the passions and prejudices. 



«i 



'I have an abiding faith in the sound sense of the 
American people. The ship of State has encountered shoals 
and perils have threatened, but thanks be to God, the crew 
has been loyal and we have been spared shipwreck. 

"It is from occasions like this of to-day that we take 
fresh hope and encouragement for the future. Taking the 
lives and sacrifices of our forefathers as an inspiration, our 
resolve should be to maintain in its full integrity the mag- 
nificent heritage left to us. 

"The foundation stones of government so wisely laid 
and the principles of loyalty so firmly established by our 
Revolutionary sires are among our most cherished posses- 
sions. If to their teachings we give our firm allegiance and 
are not driven by false teachers to the trial of new schemes 
of government, whose merits are at least untried and un- 
certain, then the future will be safe, and the country will 
prosper, and our children and our children's children will 
rise up to call us blessed, and they, like us, will rejoice 
at the accomplishments of those who lived in generations 
before them." 



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, THIS TABLET MARKS THE LUCATION OF ^ 

GENERAL WASHINGTON'S HEADUUARffiRS, : 
OF THE AMEHJCAN AMY IP^' 
WlLe^lNCTOM /DELAWARE 

,mmC THE WAR OF THE DEVOLUTION AND - 

^.mtiYPntm to the battle of the BRW^ioyiriifE, 

ONSEPTEWBER 11i:«A^.1777 Ij 



ERECTED BY THE 
irELAWARE STATE SOCIETY OF THE CINCmNATJ 
h FEBRUARY 221^,4) J902. (@ 






-Vr^vn^H^t.- ■ 



TABLET PLACED ON WASHINGTON'S HEADQUARTERS ON "QUAKER HILL" (NOW 

FORMING PART OF THE CITY OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE.) BY THE 

DELAWARE STATE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI 



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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



011 769 541 4 




CHARLES l_. STOR 



Y. PRINTER 



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